Comprehensive Scheme for Studying Cost of Cultivation of Principal Crops in India

CS division is implementing a Central Sector Plan Scheme “Comprehensive Scheme for Studying the Cost of Cultivation of Principal Crops in India (CS Scheme)” since 1971. The Scheme envisages collection of representative data on inputs and outputs in physical and monetary terms on a comparable and comprehensive basis following a well designed scientific sampling methodology which has been designed by the Expert Committees and is reviewed from time to time by the Committees set up for the purpose. Present sampling design is a three stage stratified random sampling, with tehsils as first stage units, a cluster of villages as second stage units and an operational holding in a cluster as the ultimate stage unit. For the purpose of drawing the sample, each State is divided into different agro-climatic zones based on climate, soil type, cropping pattern, etc. The field data are collected on the Cost Accounting Method by the IAs from 8100 sample operational holdings spread over 19 states. Daily entries of debit/credit for the expenditure/income are made in order to assess the total cost/benefit incurred/accrued to each farmer covered under the scheme.

The scheme presently covers major 25 crops (Paddy, Wheat, Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Ragi, Barley, Moong, Urad, Arhar, Gram, Lentil, Groundnut, Rapeseed & Mustard, Nigerseed, Safflower, Soyabean, Sunflower, Sesamum, Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane, Onion, Potato and Coconut) and these crops are selected for a block period of three years. The Cost of cultivation/ Production Estimates being generated with the data collected under the scheme are used as an important input by CACP while recommending MSP of various crops. Apart from this, the data is also used by MoSPI for preparation of National Accounts Statistics. Marketed Surplus Ratio which is required for various policy decisions is also compiled from the data.

Presently, the scheme is being implemented in 19 States through 19 Universities also known as State Implementing Agencies (IAs). Funds are released to IAs through Grant-in-Aid.  The Grants-in-Aid are meant for meeting the salary, allowances and office expenses of the Implementing Agency staff working in CS scheme.